The Structure of DNA

desoxyribonucleic acid, or deoxyribonucleic acid, is the hereditary literal in humans and nearlyall an different(prenominal) organisms. just about e actually jail cell in a psyche?s body has the resembling desoxyribonucleic acid. Most desoxyribonucleic acidis located in the cell nucleus (it is called atomic DNA), except a small amount of DNAcan also be found in the mitochondria (U.S. write up Library of Medicine, 2009). ADNA molecule consists of two chains of nucleotides (polymers of nucleic acid for individually onecomposed of a phosphate, a five coulomb sugar, and a nitrogenous base) that change by reversal to classthe double roll shape. The nucleotides that forms the DNA social organisation ar organize sotheir sugar-phosphate components submit the exterior and form the backbone of the complex body part, whereas the nitrogenous bases face inward. These bases are non all the same,there are quatern types in DNA: Adenine, Thymine, thousand and Cytosine. When the twochains of DNA come together to form a helix the bases of one drawstring adhesion with the basesof the other with Adenines only hold fast with Thymines and Guanine only stick to withCytosines. DNA molecules are fundamentally long strands of nucleotides. Groups ofnucleotides are called genes. Therefore, each DNA molecule consists of hundreds orthousands of genes, each occupying a different piece of the strand and genes aregrouped into chromosomes (Miko, 2008). Humans select 46 chromosomes, or otherwords 23 pairs of chromosomes. By the 1940s scientists knew that chromosomes curb the hereditary material.

They knew that chromosomes contained nucleic acids DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) andprotein. They knew that proteins were manifold macromolecules that were very variableand functionally particularized whereas DNA appeared to be a some(prenominal) simpler molecule aboutwhich little was known, but people figured it wasn?t variable enough to be responsible forinheritance. Therefore, in 1940 approximately all scientists thought that proteins must(prenominal) beresponsible for inheritance (Strachan, 1999). James D. Watson and Francis Crickdetermined the structure of DNA in 1953, development the X-ray... If you want to get a full essay, order it on our website: Orderessay

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